[恒溫恒濕試驗箱]可程式恒溫(wen)恒濕試驗(yan)箱的基本原理

　　可程(cheng)式恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)恒濕試(shi)驗(yan)箱溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)試(shi)驗(yan)箱的(de)(de)設計：GB/T 2423.22-2002溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)試(shi)驗(yan)Na、Nb和(he)(he)Nc包含有高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)(he)低(di)(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)時(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)交替(ti)，從一種濕度(du)(du)到另一種溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)轉換(huan)有很明(ming)確規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，從室(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)到**個(ge)條件試(shi)驗(yan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)，然后(hou)(hou)到第二個(ge)條件試(shi)驗(yan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)又回到室(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，這(zhe)個(ge)程(cheng)序構成一個(ge)試(shi)驗(yan)循(xun)(xun)環，高低(di)(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)試(shi)驗(yan)箱試(shi)驗(yan)參數：室(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、低(di)(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、暴露、兩(liang)種極端溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)之間(jian)暴露的(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)間(jian)隔、試(shi)驗(yan)循(xun)(xun)環數，高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)(he)低(di)(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)是(shi)指周圍環境溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)，這(zhe)些溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)大多數試(shi)驗(yan)樣品(pin)會達到，但時(shi)間(jian)有所滯后(hou)(hou)，只有在(zai)例外(wai)的(de)(de)情況下(xia)，才規(gui)(gui)定(ding)受試(shi)物(wu)品(pin)在(zai)正常貯存或工作(zuo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)范圍之外(wai)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)試(shi)驗(yan)是(shi)加速的(de)(de)，因(yin)為在(zai)給定(ding)時(shi)間(jian)內溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)急(ji)劇(ju)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)次數比現場條件下(xia)所發生的(de)(de)要多。

　　可程(cheng)式恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)恒濕(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)箱試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)方法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇：溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度變(bian)化(hua)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)不作(zuo)為**地模擬現(xian)場條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度變(bian)化(hua)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是給予試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)樣品應力，以(yi)使確定它(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計或(huo)制(zhi)造是否正確，在(zai)下(xia)列(lie)情況，推薦進行溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度變(bian)化(hua)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)，評(ping)定溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度變(bian)化(hua)期間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電氣性(xing)能，用(yong)(yong)(yong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)Nb，評(ping)定溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度變(bian)化(hua)期間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機械性(xing)能，用(yong)(yong)(yong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)Nb，評(ping)定在(zai)規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度急劇變(bian)化(hua)次數(shu)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電氣性(xing)能，用(yong)(yong)(yong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)Na或(huo)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)Nc,評(ping)定部件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構耐人(ren)工應力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適應性(xing)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)Na或(huo)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)Nc,標準中所規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度變(bian)化(hua)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)，不是用(yong)(yong)(yong)來評(ping)定在(zai)兩種極端溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定狀(zhuang)態下(xia)工作(zuo)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料常數(shu)或(huo)電氣性(xing)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差(cha)別。

　　可程式恒溫(wen)恒濕試(shi)驗(yan)箱(xiang)暴(bao)露(lu)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)選擇：暴(bao)露(lu)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)取決于(yu)試(shi)驗(yan)樣(yang)品（或其易(yi)受(shou)(shou)損壞部(bu)分）達到周(zhou)圍空間(jian)(jian)(jian)或液槽溫(wen)度時(shi)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)常(chang)數(shu)，因此搞清楚試(shi)驗(yan)樣(yang)品的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)常(chang)數(shu)是(shi)重要的(de)，由(you)于(yu)大件試(shi)驗(yan)樣(yang)品（設(she)備(bei)）內(nei)部(bu)和外部(bu)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)常(chang)數(shu)可能(neng)相差很大，故以(yi)考慮(lv)里面或易(yi)受(shou)(shou)兵(bing)貴神速部(bu)分的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)常(chang)數(shu)為妥，試(shi)驗(yan)樣(yang)品的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)常(chang)數(shu)取決于(yu)周(zhou)圍介質(zhi)（在試(shi)驗(yan)Na和Nb中(zhong)是(shi)空氣，在試(shi)驗(yan)Nc中(zhong)是(shi)水或其他液體）的(de)性(xing)質(zhi)和運動速度，因此，希(xi)望(wang)在試(shi)驗(yan)時(shi)的(de)實際周(zhou)圍條件中(zhong)通(tong)過試(shi)驗(yan)把它(ta)測定出來。

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