[冷熱沖擊試驗箱]冷熱(re)沖(chong)擊試驗(yan)箱常見故障及(ji)排除方法

　　現今行業內的(de)(de)環境(jing)(jing)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗設備(bei)品種(zhong)繁多，但使用最(zui)廣泛的(de)(de)環境(jing)(jing)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗設備(bei)為(wei)：高(gao)溫、低(di)溫、濕(shi)熱試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗箱，而比較(jiao)流行是(shi)集合了高(gao)溫、低(di)溫、濕(shi)熱為(wei)一體的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗箱—冷熱沖擊(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗箱，它(ta)的(de)(de)修(xiu)理難度(du)較(jiao)其它(ta)環境(jing)(jing)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗設備(bei)大(da)，且具有(you)代表性。下面就冷熱沖擊(ji)箱為(wei)例，講述下冷熱沖擊(ji)的(de)(de)構造及冷熱沖擊(ji)箱常見故障及排除方法 。

　　一、常見(jian)冷熱沖(chong)擊試驗箱(xiang)的(de)結構：

　　試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)人員除正確按操(cao)作規程操(cao)作，還(huan)應該對其結(jie)構有(you)所了(le)解。冷(leng)熱(re)沖擊試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)由箱(xiang)體、風循環系(xi)統、制冷(leng)系(xi)統、加溫(wen)系(xi)統和控濕(shi)系(xi)統組成。風循環系(xi)統一般(ban)采(cai)用(yong)可調節送風方向(xiang)的結(jie)構；加濕(shi)系(xi)統有(you)采(cai)用(yong)鍋爐加濕(shi)的和表面蒸發二種；降溫(wen)、去濕(shi)系(xi)統采(cai)用(yong)空調工況制冷(leng)結(jie)構；加熱(re)系(xi)統采(cai)用(yong)電熱(re)鰭片(pian)加熱(re)和電爐絲直接加熱(re)二種結(jie)構；溫(wen)濕(shi)度(du)(du)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)方法采(cai)用(yong)干濕(shi)球測(ce)試(shi)(shi)方法，也有(you)用(yong)濕(shi)度(du)(du)傳感器直接測(ce)量方法；控制和顯示操(cao)作界(jie)面采(cai)用(yong)溫(wen)濕(shi)度(du)(du)分開(kai)獨立和溫(wen)濕(shi)度(du)(du)組合(he)控

　　二、常見(jian)故障(zhang)和排(pai)除方法：

　　1.在(zai)高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)試驗(yan)中，如溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度變(bian)化達不(bu)到(dao)試驗(yan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度值時，可以檢查電(dian)器系統，逐(zhu)一(yi)排除故(gu)障。如溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度升(sheng)(sheng)得很慢(man)，就要查看(kan)風(feng)循環(huan)系統，看(kan)一(yi)下(xia)風(feng)循環(huan)的(de)調節(jie)擋板是(shi)否開啟(qi)正常，反之，就檢查風(feng)循環(huan)的(de)電(dian)機運轉是(shi)否正常。如溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度過(guo)沖(chong)厲害那么就需要整定(ding)PID的(de)設置(zhi)參數。如果(guo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度直接上升(sheng)(sheng)，過(guo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)保護，那么，控制器出(chu)故(gu)障，須更換控制儀表。

　　2.在做濕(shi)熱試驗中，出(chu)現(xian)(xian)實際(ji)濕(shi)度(du)會達到100%或者實際(ji)濕(shi)度(du)與目標(biao)濕(shi)度(du)相差很大(da)，數值低得很多(duo)，前者的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)：可能是(shi)(shi)濕(shi)球(qiu)(qiu)傳感器(qi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)紗(sha)布(bu)干燥(zao)引起，那(nei)就要(yao)檢查(cha)(cha)濕(shi)球(qiu)(qiu)傳感器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)槽(cao)中是(shi)(shi)否(fou)缺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)槽(cao)中的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)由一(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)自動(dong)控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)，查(cha)(cha)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)正常(chang)(chang)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)工(gong)作是(shi)(shi)否(fou)正常(chang)(chang)。另(ling)一(yi)種可能就是(shi)(shi)濕(shi)球(qiu)(qiu)紗(sha)布(bu)因使(shi)用時間長(chang)，或供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質純凈度(du)的(de)(de)(de)原因，會使(shi)紗(sha)布(bu)變硬，使(shi)紗(sha)布(bu)無法(fa)吸(xi)收水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)份而干燥(zao)，只(zhi)要(yao)更(geng)換或清洗紗(sha)布(bu)即(ji)可排(pai)除以上(shang)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)。后者的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)加(jia)濕(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)不工(gong)作，查(cha)(cha)看(kan)加(jia)濕(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)內是(shi)(shi)否(fou)有一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量，控(kong)制(zhi)加(jia)濕(shi)鍋(guo)爐(lu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)控(kong)制(zhi)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)正常(chang)(chang)，加(jia)濕(shi)鍋(guo)爐(lu)內的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)正常(chang)(chang)。如以上(shang)一(yi)切都正常(chang)(chang)，那(nei)就要(yao)檢查(cha)(cha)電器(qi)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，這要(yao)請專業維修人員進行檢修。

　　3.低溫(wen)(wen)達不(bu)到試驗(yan)的(de)(de)指標(biao)，那你就要觀察溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)變(bian)化，是(shi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)降的(de)(de)很慢，還是(shi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)到一(yi)(yi)定值后(hou)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)有回升的(de)(de)趨(qu)勢，前者就要檢(jian)查(cha)一(yi)(yi)下，做(zuo)(zuo)低溫(wen)(wen)試驗(yan)前是(shi)否(fou)(fou)將工(gong)作室(shi)(shi)(shi)烘干，使工(gong)作室(shi)(shi)(shi)保持(chi)干燥后(hou)再將試驗(yan)樣(yang)品放入工(gong)作室(shi)(shi)(shi)內再做(zuo)(zuo)試驗(yan)，工(gong)作室(shi)(shi)(shi)內的(de)(de)試驗(yan)樣(yang)品是(shi)否(fou)(fou)放置的(de)(de)過多(duo)，使工(gong)作室(shi)(shi)(shi)內的(de)(de)風不(bu)能充分循環，在(zai)排除上述原因后(hou)，就要考慮是(shi)否(fou)(fou)是(shi)制(zhi)冷系統中的(de)(de)故(gu)障了(le)，這(zhe)樣(yang)就要請廠家(jia)的(de)(de)專業人員(yuan)進(jin)行檢(jian)修。后(hou)者的(de)(de)現象是(shi)設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)使用環境不(bu)好所致，設(she)備(bei)(bei)放置的(de)(de)環境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)，放置的(de)(de)位(wei)置（箱體(ti)后(hou)與墻的(de)(de)距離）要滿(man)足(zu)要求（在(zai)設(she)備(bei)(bei)操作使用說明(ming)中都有規(gui)定）。

　　4.設備(bei)(bei)在試(shi)驗運行過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)突然(ran)出現故(gu)障(zhang)時，控(kong)制(zhi)儀表(biao)上出現對應的故(gu)障(zhang)顯(xian)示(shi)提示(shi)并有聲訊報警提示(shi)。操(cao)作人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)可以對照(zhao)設備(bei)(bei)的操(cao)作使(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)的故(gu)障(zhang)排(pai)除一章中(zhong)(zhong)快速檢(jian)查出屬于哪(na)一類故(gu)障(zhang)，即可請專業人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)快速排(pai)除故(gu)障(zhang)，以確(que)保試(shi)驗的正(zheng)常(chang)進行。其它(ta)環(huan)境(jing)試(shi)驗設備(bei)(bei)在使(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)還會有其它(ta)的現象，那就要具體現象，具體分析和排(pai)除。

　　環(huan)境(jing)試(shi)驗設備還要定期進行維(wei)護(hu)保養，制冷系統的(de)冷凝器定期清理，對于活動(dong)部件應按(an)說(shuo)明書(shu)加油潤滑，電(dian)器控制系統定期維(wei)護(hu)檢(jian)查(cha)等(deng)等(deng)，這(zhe)些工作是必不(bu)可(ke)少的(de)。